Let's talk about money.
I write this the week after Realms of Fantasy shut down without notice to anyone—
I could use up every single word of this column recounting the past half year's dismal statistics. (There's a reason that economics has been called the dismal science.) I suspect by the time you read this, things will have gotten even worse because stimulus money (state, local, or national) will not yet have hit the economy, and as a result, private capital will be afraid to spend as well.
We have a writers lunch once a week. Since September, we've been talking about the future of the publishing markets, the future of books, the future of the magazines. The level of fear at lunch this past week was at an all-time high because of the death of Realms.
So when I said that I believed this is a new golden age for short fiction, everyone looked at me like I'm crazy.
But it is. The amazing thing about Realms of Fantasy is not its sudden demise, but the fact that the magazine lived for seven years after Sovereign Media abruptly shut down Realms's sister publication, Science Fiction Age. (And that shutdown, which was exactly like this one, happened in the good old days of prosperity, when the stock market was up, housing prices were climbing, and we had something like 3% unemployment.)
The reason I say this is a new golden age of short fiction, especially for SF/F writers, is quite simple. There are more markets now than there have been since the brief boom years of the early 1950s. From the podcast markets to on-line markets like Jim Baen's Universe to the tried and true digest magazines, the SF short fiction reader has more places to go than ever before.
And that doesn't count the plethora of Year's Best collections. Yes, the St. Martins Years Best Fantasy and Horror has vanished, but that had nothing to do with the recession and everything to do with internal politics. Ellen Datlow will return next year with a new Year's Best Horror, so her superb editorial voice hasn't been lost at all.

Then there is the original anthology market, which is stronger than ever. Some are themed anthologies, like the Daw anthologies packaged by Tekno books or Gardner Dozois's New Space Opera anthologies (the second one will appear in the summer). Others, like Lou Anders's Fast Forward series coming out of Pyr, are simply SF anthologies, like Orbit used to be, without a theme, just filled with good fiction.
Still, with the barrage of bad news that seems to never end, the fear that Realms is just the first shot in the cannon is a valid one. The loss, which would have been debated, discussed, and dissected in a good economic year, has become emblematic of a dismal future ahead.
Writers and readers alike are terrified that their favorite short fiction venues will vanish. A few will. Most won't. Because people read more during tough economic times. Think of this: A hardcover book costs $20 to $25. An evening at the movies for a family of four costs $20-30 depending on what region of the country you're in, and that doesn't include snacks. The movie gives roughly two hours of pleasure (you hope) for your entertainment dollar.
The book gives days of pleasure, depending on how fast you read. And you can loan it to everyone in the family and all your friends as well. If you don't buy a hardcover, if you've cut back to only buying paperbacks, then you get the same kind of experience for $8, a vast savings over a movie.
People pay for cheap entertainment during tough times. The movie industry took off in the 1930s, at the height of the Great Depression. In this severe economic crisis, Hollywood has just announced the first billion dollar January on record. Amazon.com is the only company I know of to announce sales figures for the fourth quarter of 2008 that were higher than expected. Everyone else in retail announced losses. Libraries in the Greater Los Angeles area, according to the CBS Evening News, had 2 million more visitors in 2008 than they did in 2007 (from 16 million people to 18 million people, a figure projected to rise even more in 2009).
People will read and they will read more than they have before. Quotes throughout trade journals from industry professionals continually state that they plan no cutbacks in output in 2009, because they all know (and repeatedly state) that book sales go up in a recession.

So what about magazines? Well, magazines on the newsstand often suffer, not because of lack of readers, but because distribution costs have become prohibitive. Rather than explain newsstand magazine economics to you (that truly is a dismal science), let me simply state that distribution has been a magazine industry bugaboo for decades. Once the magazines have learned to harness the power of the Internet and use it to their advantage, the whole newsstand distribution mess will be a moot point.
Fiction magazines, by the way, give you the best bang for the buck. The $25 that buys you a two-hour movie experience, or a two-day hardcover reading experience will buy you a year's subscription to Asimov's or Analog or The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction. For $25, you'll get the equivalent of 8 hardcovers worth of fiction (sometimes more depending on the magazine), which gives you the most entertainment value for your simple $25 investment.
I said all of this and more at our writers lunch, and people were still skeptical. You see, when people are afraid, they see only the worst. A lot of fear comes from a feeling of helplessness.
Individually, we can't change this economic climate. I can't suddenly pour the needed billions of dollars into the system, nor can I make my congresscritters do exactly what I believe the economy needs.
But I can make a difference in small ways—
Buy books. If you can't afford to buy hardcovers, buy paperbacks. If your budget doesn't allow for any book buying right now, frequent your library—
The economics of the fiction magazines are small economics. A hundred new subscriptions in March would make a huge difference to each magazine. The economics of book publishing are only slightly bigger. Buy your favorite author's books the day/week/month that the book appears in the store. Because that's how publishers measure sales. They measure the number of sales and the rate of sale (how fast the book flies off the shelf). You'll be supporting your favorite writer and you'll be ensuring that more books similar to those by your favorite writer will hit the stands in the next few months.
As for all the reading you can do for free on the Internet, enjoy it. But if you have a few extra dollars, donate or subscribe. Internet magazines like IRoSF pay their authors (kind folks that they are) and so do have expenses. Mostly they shoulder the expenses themselves, but really, they shouldn't. You can help. In fact, there's a link on this page that will allow you to donate or subscribe to this magazine at whatever rate you can afford. [Look for the rockets on the left side.--Ed]
IRoSF isn't the only web-based publication that puts its readers on the honor system. A lot of content-driven websites do, including some wonderful podcasting sites.
The bottom line here isn't me hectoring you to pay for content (much as I, a content provider, want you to). Subscribing to magazines, paying for your favorite websites, writing your congresscritter, all those things are ways of conquering fear. You're doing something—
Your $25, given judiciously to your favorite publications, will not only provide you with a year's worth of entertainment, it will also encourage the publishers to continue publishing. Your letters will remind politicians how valuable the free library system is. Your donations to websites like this will keep these magazines alive. You're actually doing something positive in the tough economy.
Of course, there are other things you can do as well. If you have money, donate to food banks and shelters. Don't forget animal shelters. Everyone's hurting for money these days, so if you have a few extra dollars, put them to good use.
If you're one of the unfortunates who have lost your job in the past six months, and this article is making you feel both guilty and impotent, I have a solution for you too. This solution comes from my years of un- and under-employment. The solution is simple: Volunteer. Spend time manning the phones at a crisis center or delivering Meals On Wheels. You'll have something to do with your day besides fret about how many resumes you've sent and how few calls you've received in return.
And here's a secret to volunteerism: it's a blessing—
All of the jobs I got after I started volunteering came directly from my volunteer experience. Often I got hired within the organization I volunteered for. Other times, the experience I gained became a valuable part of my resume.
Now that same experience shows up in my fiction.
It's tough out there for all of us. Folks with jobs are worried about losing them. Folks without jobs have no idea how to pay the rent. It's usually my job, as an entertainment provider, to make you forget your worries.
I didn't quite do that here, but I hope I gave you a way to still some of those little voices, the ones that whisper you're going to lose everything you love, including your favorite entertainment.
You won't. This economy will rebound. It always has. The gloom and doom of the past six months will eventually morph into stories you will tell your grandchildren about surviving hard times.
But while we're in those hard times, let's talk about money, and figure out ways to preserve the things we love.
That's the best—



COMMENTS!
Mar 6, 04:48 by Bluejack
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Mar 6, 15:23 by Ursula Pflug
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Mar 6, 16:00 by Nader Elhefnawy
[ Edited: Mar 6, 16:02 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 6, 16:25 by Lois Tilton
I see print fiction disappearing, except for the few Bestselling Names, while the internet becomes a sort of small press ghetto of the unpaid and underpaid. If there is a lesson from the last couple of decades, it's that people aren't going to pay for internet content.
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Mar 6, 16:50 by Nader Elhefnawy
Whether or not writers can live by their work matters to the field's vitality. It also matters whether those who can't write full-time can live by day jobs allowing enough latitude for them to get some decent writing done. The conditions of the last three decades have worked against writers (excepting the rare superstar) on both counts, and I think the present situation is likely to make things worse.
For all the talk about the future of the publishing industry, I expect to see band-aids and PR spin, not the "leadership" and "innovation" we so often hear about but so rarely see.
[ Edited: Mar 6, 16:51 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 6, 17:37 by Bluejack
How true.
We're trying to figure out how to keep IROSF alive and still pay authors even now. So far, ads are insufficient, and donations are negligible.
I've always intended to institute a flexible subscription model, but the general wisdom is that people won't subscribe. On the one hand, I'd rather reach more people; on the other hand, we can't keep pouring money down the drain indefinitely.
Right now we're looking for creative ways to keep our office AND pay authors, but we're one financial setback away from having to make drastic changes.
I've promised Stacey that we won't actually close shop on a moment's notice like some more prominent magazines I could name, but it's tough.
Mind you: if it were a full time job, I'd have a lot more time and energy for "leadership" and "innovation." We've all got crazy schemes and bigger plans, but since we're working 60 hours a week to stay on top of debt, that's not so easy to make happen...
[ Edited: Mar 6, 17:38 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 6, 18:09 by Nader Elhefnawy
The lack of leadership and innovation I had in mind was not that of plucky individuals trying to do something new, and putting their own money on the line to do it, but the suited half-wits who have run the publishing world (and the rest of the economy) into the ground.
[ Edited: Mar 6, 18:11 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 6, 18:16 by Lois Tilton
And where will the content on the internet come from when all the professional journalists are laid off?
And how is this different from fiction?
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Mar 6, 18:36 by Nader Elhefnawy
Print fiction can't fall back on overlaps with other media in quite the same way.
In any case, we should consider the economic problems that afflict them both, not least of them that publishing has always been a low-profit business, viable only so long as the people running them have had a motive besides simply getting a plump next-quarter report. The attempts of short-sighted CEOs to turn them into something else have consistently proven self-defeating.
Nor do the more general economic hard times, or the broader consolidation of these businesses in fewer hands, or--any of a thousand things far too long to list--help.
[ Edited: Mar 6, 18:37 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 6, 19:26 by Todd Treichel
If there were no print fiction, possibly this would change people's willingness to pay for on-line work. Not that this is where I hope things head...
Also note: people do pay for fiction for electronic readers.
What the internet is and how it looks will change too much in the coming years for me to be too comfortable with any one projection about how people will interact with it.
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Mar 6, 21:18 by Kristine Kathryn Rusch
It takes positive effort to keep publications like this one alive, as Bluejack says. They're struggling, but continuing. Support them. Stop guessing that we'll all fail. Publishing grew in the Great Depression. Book sales according to the most recent figures remained static in 2008, one of the few industries that didn't drop. In fact, the only bright spot in Harlequin's parent company's business report at year end was its book sales. Same with Amazon. It was one of the few companies that did better than expected.
So seriously...the negativity hurts rather than helps. Being realistic is fine, but predicting that everything we love will go away only feeds fear.
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Mar 6, 21:36 by Lois Tilton
I seriously doubt that negative predictions will make the industry fail, or that positive thinking will keep it afloat.
The value of negative thinking is in identifying patterns of failure, so as to do otherwise.
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Mar 7, 00:37 by Bluejack
If investors are generally positive they invest; and the fact of investment promotes market growth which results in successful investment. The reverse dynamic is equally prevalent (and quite visible right now).
But the same is not so true of microeconomics or vertical market dynamics. There is a change in the way people think about information, which broadly includes entertainment. Without a physical manifestation (book, record, dvd, etc.) there is less sense that a "purchase" is meaningful. Most people buy a book for the experience of reading the text: however, they have bought, and now own a book! If you buy it on eReader you have the text, but it's barely even clear that you own it. You have purchased certain (but by no means all) rights to use it.
My conclusion is that we (those who make our livelihoods in the industry (or want to)) need to find or create an entirely new vertical economy by which consumers successfully underwrite the creative process. Subscription models and advertising revenue are mediocre adaptations of traditional economic models.
Personally, I have some ideas that I hope we find time to experiment with at IROSF that move beyond these models. But whether I can afford to spend the time to experiment or not, I hope that someone stumbles upon the successful micro-economic model for our industry. Cory Doctorow's reputation economy built on a post-scarcity macro-economic climate is simply not stepping up, and barring some very inventive hustle, it's hard to survive on reputation alone.
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Mar 7, 00:46 by Lois Tilton
One of them is porn. People have always been willing to pay for online porn.
I think this shows that it's a demand-related issue.
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Mar 7, 01:07 by Bluejack
Absolutely true; the Internet is affecting the entire information economy. It's the publishing vertical I'm particularly interested in working with. Different verticals within the information economy may find different solutions.
This does not contradict your statement, but an interesting side note: I have heard that with the prevalence of free porn, the internet porn industry is faltering and/or resorting to non-traditional paid interactions. (I'll spare you the details.)
In fact, it's an interesting case because when it comes to porn, quality is generally beside the point. The solution that will work for publishing (finding ways to support the necessary infrastructure for quality content) may be quite different from the economics of pornography which will probably follow a supply and demand approach which increases value based on the scarcity of supply for unusual fetishes, coupled (ahem) with the intensity (as opposed to commonality) of demand on the part of the consumer.
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Mar 7, 02:02 by Kristine Kathryn Rusch
By the way, your attitude on this list has already prevented several people from linking to the article. They are in the industry, know that what I'm saying is true, and don't want people to lose track of my argument for yours.
I can't tell you how this saddens me. I had hoped that people would link to this so that subscriptions would rise. Now it's not going to happen--at least as widely as I had hoped.
Kris
[ Edited: Mar 7, 02:04 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 7, 02:05 by Kristine Kathryn Rusch
[ Edited: Mar 7, 02:32 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 7, 02:34 by Lois Tilton
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Mar 7, 03:14 by Kristine Kathryn Rusch
What saddens me is that those six people blog extensively and have a huge following. Their readers follow links, but they won't follow the links here.
I will continue to write articles in various places, working to promote the industry I love, using reality, facts and statistics--pointing out where things are tough and where they're not.
However, I'm not going to lose my writing time to a comments section when I've made my case in the article above.
Kris
[ Edited: Mar 7, 03:17 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 7, 03:58 by Lois Tilton
I wasn't aware that you were fighting a campaign and enlisting as allies a bunch of delicate flowers so easily wilted by a simple negative opinion.
Clearly, the next time you do this you ought to close the comments so as to avoid the possibility of a little dissent and its disastrous consequences.
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Mar 7, 04:17 by Bluejack
Perhaps I'm not as sensitive to how people view it as I should be, but this particular conversation strikes me as healthy. I've seen a few flamewars in my time, and this aint it. (Which is not an invitation, you people!)
[ Edited: Mar 7, 04:20 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 7, 05:17 by Kristine Kathryn Rusch
To cite newspapers as your example compares apples and cats. Fiction publishing is not the same as newspaper publishing.
And here's a fact: Newspapers in the United States are in dire, dire straits for a variety of reasons, not the least the inability to adapt to a changing marketplace. Newspapers in other countries, like Britain, are thriving. And they have the internet there as well.
And yes. I am on a campaign. I want people to understand how this business works. I have been a publisher, an editor, and a fulltime freelance writer for thirty years. I know the ins and outs of book and fiction publishing. I know the economics of it. (I was also a radio news director and a reporter. I know the economics of American newspapers as well.)
I hate the way that people are saying "It's dying" with nothing to back it up, particularly when that's clearly not the case. Publications like this one struggle because the economic model isn't clearly defined yet. In ten years, the internet models will have shaken out and the way to profit on the net will be clear (or clearer).
But publications like the Dell magazines are doing fine. In fact, the changes there and at F&SF are smart changes in response to the economy. You don't wait until you're in trouble to make changes. You make the changes up front, anticipating a down year. (Most of the print mags have made their changes in response to an increase in shipping charges, not due to losses.)
This article is a campaign. I want people to stop being afraid. I want them to know they have the power in this industry. Readers hold all the cards. If they like something, they need to pay for it because publishing is a business that exists to make money. So if you're worried about losing your favorite magazine, support it with your dollars. That's the best way to ensure survival.
As for delicate flowers--you made me chuckle. These are high powered folks whose names you'd recognize. Editors, publishers, folks like that. Not a writer among them. They're not delicate flowers at all. However, they're fighting the same battles I am. There's enough of this Sky Is Falling rhetoric on the web. They don't want to encourage it. Why should they? They're running businesses. They want their readers to know they'll be in business a long time. They don't need (unsubstantiated) claims that their businesses are failing on their websites.
Yes, I complained about the negativity. I did expect it. Not just the third post in. Had it been about 20 posts in, we would've gotten our links. <sigh>
And let me say, for the record, that the column coming up in April was written before this discussion....
[ Edited: Mar 7, 05:42 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 7, 14:28 by Nader Elhefnawy
I'd rather we stuck with a focus on the facts of the issue, the evidence, both good and bad.
We should also, all of us, admit that discussing this business is especially problematic because publishing is rather secretive about the data. (Think about the haphazard manner in which bestseller lists are compiled.) And while it may not be pleasant to admit this, the authority of industry insiders is not something that the public can simply take for granted--in any business. Even assuming their reliability, there is that matter of self-interest (and established habits, and sometimes, wishful thinking) that has already come up. Insiders, in every industry, routinely make disastrous decisions--as I hope everyone realizes looking at the current mess.
This does leave anyone trying to get a big picture of the situation having to go by "sense" sometimes--though we should also acknowledge the limits of that.
Are there some sectors of publishing that are doing all right? It seems so--though not always enough to satisfy the inflated profit expectations we see in this age of runaway short-termism. Might people read more? I think they might, though it doesn't necessarily translate to the benefit of online publishing without that workable model that's come up here. Might someone develop a workable model for economically viable online publishing? I dearly hope so. In fact, I speculated a bit about how this might happen in the article I mentioned earlier. But if (or if you prefer, when) it does come along, it will have been a lot slower in appearing than anyone anticipated back in the '90s--a full decade ago at this point.
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Mar 7, 14:29 by Lois Tilton
[ Edited: Mar 7, 15:11 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 7, 15:54 by Lois Tilton
One, is the future of publishing shifting from print to electronic?
Two, is there a viable model for profitable electronic publishing? Which seems to be a subfield of the question, are there viable models for profitable electronic businesses?
Clearly, there are profitable internet enterprises. It remains to be seen if these models can be applied to publishing, to the benefit of authors. Models that favor booksellers, for example, don't necessarily benefit publishers or author.
Out of all the rush to electronic publishing in the 90s, I see that Fictionwise was a survivor, to the extent that it was just sold to B&N. Of course its future success may depend on the survival of B&N, whether it will follow Borders into bankruptcy. I note that the Fictionwise sale didn't cause the price of BKS stock to rise; it is a very minor element relative to the whole. [It has fallen about 40% over the last year, which, relative to the market as a whole, and to Borders, isn't doing badly.]
Here is a link to this story.
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Mar 7, 15:55 by Marti McKenna
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Mar 7, 15:56 by Lois Tilton
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Mar 7, 16:22 by Dana Paxson
The print publishing industry is undergoing some extremely confusing changes, and for a writer like me to find a niche there for my work would probably take a long time. I don't have a long time -- I'm 66, and I can't wait as long as it might take me to be able to write the things I want to AND get them published in the traditional model. Besides, that traditional model is a fast-moving target now, right? Finally, my writing is simply not for a broad market, a fact I've had to absorb over the past decade.
My reaction to the sweeping changes: I pour my resources into the electronic world, where I can move effortlessly in writing, structuring, presentation, promotion, marketing, and distribution of my work, all done my way. I love doing all this. I don't make a living or even any money at all, but I get noticed, and eventually that's worth something.
I would hope that the existing and fast-changing world of fiction publishing will pay close attention to the Cory Doctorows and others who experiment out here, and skim the things that work for their own transformation. It's like the old Chinese character for 'crisis': danger + opportunity. The opportunities are everywhere, and when those new business models (and authorship models -- yes, those too are changing) emerge successfully, many of us may yet find some stability -- and profit.
For a link to a review of my work, try: Juiced on Writing.
Dana
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Mar 7, 17:54 by Marti McKenna
What bothers me about the choice not to link to this article because of the negativity expressed here is that this *is* a debate, multiple facets are being discussed, and I believe that intelligent people have powers of discernment.
On the other hand, I am all about the positive message in this article, and the idea that thinking and talking about the opportunities presented by the changing world is the thing that's going to get us to the next step. And I believe that focusing overly on the negative is not helpful, and is likely harmful, to any endeavor.
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Mar 7, 18:11 by Bridget McKenna
And where will the content on the internet come from when all the professional journalists are laid off?
This argument reminds of the scene in "The Player" where a bunch of producers are sitting around debating whether writers are necessary. One produces a newspaper, saying they can get all the stories they want out of the morning paper, so they don't need writers. The missing information in that claim is "Who's going to write the script?"
Writers still write all the news stories you read on the Net. I've been reading my local paper online for some time now. Print sales being down, many if not most newspapers have online editions, which feed us the ads that pay the writers and editors. And there are lots and lots of well-written news articles and features, same as in the print edition. Who's writing them if not professional journalists? And when I go to the BBC or Google News or anywhere else on the Net to get my news fix, those stories also have been written and edited by someone. It's not writer and editor jobs that appear to be in danger, but those of compositors and pressmen and distributors as the new model takes hold and increasingly pushes out the old.
[ Edited: Mar 7, 18:18 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 7, 19:26 by Lois Tilton
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Mar 7, 20:10 by Marti McKenna
However, I posted a similar Tom Tomorrow to my Facebook yesterday. Yes, the problems are real. The question is: What are we gonna do about it? What are the new paradigms that are going to come out of this? I don't buy that writers are obsolete, and someone has already pointed out that making a living at it has always been tough. But I can (and do) donate to sites and authors that provide content I like, even though I don't have to, and I think that if more people did that--in any amount, in any frequency--it could only help.
Personally, I'm looking forward to seeing what sort of genius ideas come of these difficult times. Go humans!
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Mar 7, 20:20 by Nader Elhefnawy
Bridget: Agreed. Writers do produce the Net material, as I mentioned earlier. And the reference to "The Player" is well taken. Hollywood has always been notorious as a place where writers get marginalized, a point of which the recent strike reminded us. (The favoritism toward reality shows--not that they're not written; their pathetic situations are of course staged--is partly due to the fact that they use non-union writers.)
Marti: Sadly, it's SOP for people in any industry to try and silence criticism.
[ Edited: Mar 7, 21:13 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 7, 20:34 by Bridget McKenna
So yeah, let's hear it for genius ideas.
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Mar 7, 21:17 by Lois Tilton
The blogging world is full of writers who are happy to provide content without being paid for it. But I fear that this can make writing seem like something for which the providers are not paid.
I know of quite a few journalists who were in Rick Redfern's position, offered buyouts. Who is writing their columns now? Nobody. They aren't being written. The newspaper is skinnier. Likewise freelancers like book reviewers. Fewer reviews commissioned, lower payment for them.
This is a pattern. People used to say "Information wants to be free." But I think it is, "The internet wants information to be free."
For a lot of people, this is fine and good. I'm just enjoying the latest issue of FLURB. It's free of charge. The authors seem to contribute their stuff free of charge. Everyone seems to be happy.
But is it a business model?
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Mar 8, 00:14 by Blue Tyson
Buying author's books in the first week would be ok, if the trend to do so many hardbacks hadn't happened (being well over $50 here). If early sales matters so much, why that trend - wouldn't seem to make sense? Neither do hardback priced ebooks at the same time, something else that will lower sales or make people wait.
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Mar 8, 00:34 by J Andrews
From what I've seen, it's uncommon for an article on IROSF to get so many comments. So this may not have come up before. But I think it would be very helpful to have threaded comments. Then when there's a conversation going in the comments, it won't necessarily drown out what other people have to say. And some people who may be intimidated or even just uninterested in the big conversation that seems to be going on, could push it to one side and have their own say outside of that thread.
Having threaded comments would mean an article could spawn several conversations, rather than one conversation interspersed with other comments and thoughts that perhaps get ignored not based on their lack of merit, but just lack of volume.
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Mar 8, 00:46 by J Andrews
Print fiction can't fall back on overlaps with other media in quite the same way.
In similar ways, it can. Sci-Fi channel's website had a fiction section for awhile. And now official websites to specific shows have online content that's fictional. It might be a character's blog, an entire online storyline, an online chat with a character, or something else. Maybe it's the show's writers doing it, but that's still extra fiction writing being done, so someone (I should hope!) is getting paid for it.
At last year's Wiscon, Maureen McHugh's GoH speech was about her recent work on Alternate Reality Games. That's fiction being written that's taking advantage of and working with new forms of media.
There's fiction out there, in various media. It just may not closely resemble the traditional 5,000 word short story written by a single writer, edited by a single editor.
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Mar 8, 00:51 by Stacey Janssen
This is a fantastic idea. I anticipate looking into it further.
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Mar 8, 01:25 by Ellen Datlow
It's spawned discussions on my own blog. I'm not having as much trouble selling original anthologies as I thought, even with the economic meltdown. The YA market for them is still strong.
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Mar 8, 01:26 by Ellen Datlow
[ Edited: Mar 8, 01:28 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 8, 01:37 by Bluejack
Yeah, the concept is built in, just haven't done the view for threading because, as you say, it often doesn't go on like this.
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Mar 8, 01:40 by Bluejack
Ellen Datlow said:
There appears to be a mismatch between what people pay attention to and what actually sells. Not that there's anything new in that.
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Mar 8, 02:53 by Wendy Delmater
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Mar 8, 03:44 by Ellen Datlow
I'm in a better position than a lot of other short story editors in that I've been editing science fiction, fantasy, and horror; middle grade, young adult, and adult short stories.
I know plenty of writers doing the same and they're selling their work. (novels and stories)
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Mar 8, 04:17 by Eric Marin
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Mar 8, 04:24 by Jeff Soesbe
But I already made my peace with not being able to make a living writing short fiction, so that could be coloring my attitude as to what's acceptable pay for me.
Overall, I agree with Kris. There are a lot of places, many fairly inexpensive, where I can find good things to read. There's a lot of places where I can sell a story. Good work will find an audience. Especially now, when information propagates so quickly.
All that's left is to do the work, and make it as good as I can.
- yeff
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Mar 8, 14:04 by Jetse de Vries
So let’s focus on that.
Typically, the first comments that come in discuss, almost entirely, the negative side. It’s a mindset that seems endemic in a large part of the written SF community: it prefers to focus – highly overfocus – on the negatives, and ends up discussing the negatives so much (or even the right to discuss the negatives), that nobody even tries to come up with solutions.
Make no mistake: I am not denying anybody’s right to discuss the negatives: I believe in an open and healthy discussion. However, by mentioning only the negatives, without even trying to come up with possible solutions, the discussion is far from healthy. It becomes a moanfest.
So I’ll try to put my money where my mouth is.
Back at last year’s WorldCon, Jim Minz told me that while the sales of Baen’s e-books were still a small part of the company’s overall sales, they were the ones that showed a consistent growth throughout the years. It’s not the spectacular 3-digit-or-more growth numbers of the interent bubble of yore, but a solid, low 2-digit number growth.
That seems to be the model that shows the most promise: while continuing to survive on the physical, paper book producing part, there is an increased focus on the internet side and e-book sales.
Just look at what Tor is doing: they launched Tor.Com beta, where they put up free short stories, blog post on a wide range of topics, free comics. This together with the physical part of Tor that continues to publishes paper books.
A few other models that come to mind: Clarkesworld Magazine, Subterannean Press: apart from the e-version, there needs to be a physical component, something people are willing to pay for.
Combine this with a strong presence in social media like FaceBook, Twitter and MySpace, and you’re increasing your chances of expanding your audience.
Hence, SF magazines should emulate that model: make more material available online for free, while generating more interest for the physical product (which has to be bought). That means a broad range of material: not just short stories, but articles, interviews, opinion pieces, reviews and more. More visual arts: cover paintings, illustrations, if possible even comic strips. Add podcasts, and – if possible – video content. Try to aim for a crossover audience: people who will not normally run into written SF, but might be lured to the site with interesting content.
Then, as the visitor numbers increase, you might get them to buy electronic versions of your product. By gradually shifting the paying audience to the electronic version, which should be cheaper to produce, and be made available in a variety of formats, DRM free, then you’re paving the way to survive as an electronic publication (which can still release ‘special editions’ on paper).
What we also need to realise is that also on the internet there’s no such thing as an overnight success. Twitter was already running for over three years before it’s now ‘exploding’ on the internet. Popular blogs like Boing Boing and Scalzi’s Whatever also took long years of putting up good content before the numbers grew to what they are today.
Similarly, it will take time to build up a significantly large online audience. Hence a model with its feet in both worlds: surviving with the physical magazine while simulataneously trying to lure in new readers over the internet. The latter needs a lot of effort, investment and patience, but seems the only way forward for now.
Also, I strongly suspect that written SF needs a major phase shift in content, as well. For my day job I train a lot of young people (in working with our company’s product), and the utmost majority of those are not interested in the gloom and doom tone that is so dominant in most written SF of the past decades. These people have a future to build, and they’re not interested in reading book after book, story after story where everything goes down the drain. And they won’t: if written SF turns them off, they will go to (actually: stay with) other media. And as some of you know, I’m trying to make a change in that regard.
In that respect, look at Futurismic: it mixes blog posts about the near future (that have a good balance between positive and negative) with fiction, comics and opinion pieces. They have ads, but minimally intrusive ones. They seem to be holding their own, so far.
In short, there are new developments, new models being tried out. Instead of bemoaning SF’s fate, I recommend to check out new models, provide feedback and/or support them, and think towards solutions.
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Mar 8, 14:19 by Nader Elhefnawy
The lack of prospects for making a living at short fiction does not mean the end of short fiction-but many would argue that it has come at some cost to that field. Orson Scott Card certainly mentioned it when launching his own, higher-paying magazine. It's also worth noting (and again, correct me if I've got this wrong) that part of the reason Omni was able to play a special role in '80s fiction was its relatively high pay rates.
We also see that people do go where the opportunities are, and that has its costs too--for instance, the tendency toward overlong books we've been seeing lately (and the greater pressure to overextend a series), which are regarded by many as not a healthy thing. (Indeed, Charles Stross recently discussed the issue on his blog, though more with the end of explaining than attacking or defending it.)
I don't want to belabor the point, but let's not pretend money, careers and related opportunities are irrelevant; that the industry can be considered economically viable without its paying the people actually producing the material; or for that matter, assuming that the rise of the e-book (still very much an adjunct to print) is an accomplished fact. (I think that technology will be relevant, but it's still very much in the teething stage, and the Kindle in particular leaves much to be desired.)
I am, however, interested in the continuing strength of the YA market in this area, something I've often heard about but haven't really heard anyone elaborate on. (I'm not likely to take a crack at it anytime soon, but would be curious to hear any thoughts anyone here has about that nonetheless.)
Incidentally, I've posted links to this discussion in the forum at The Fix, and (admittedly less trafficked) on my own blog as well.
[ Edited: Mar 8, 14:30 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 8, 18:23 by Bluejack
The Fix
Futurismic
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Mar 8, 18:48 by Ellen Datlow
So it's a special case and nothing much can be gleaned from its closing (or existence)other than corporate intentions are fly by night depending on the corporation.
Nader Elhefnawy: "It's also worth noting (and again, correct me if I've got this wrong) that part of the reason Omni was able to play a special role in '80s fiction was its relatively high pay rates."
Money certainly helped attract sf writers who hadn't been writing short fiction (like Silverberg) and initially attract some mainstream writers such as Joyce Carol Oates, William S. Burroughs, T. Coraghessan Boyle, et al.
It also got writers pay attention to a new market quicker than they would have, but the down side is that the core sf audience took wayyyy longer to warm up the newer writers being published on OMNI.
eg. William Gibson never won an award for any of the seven stories (two of those collaborations) that we published. Only one was nominated for a Hugo ("Dogfight," with Swanwick and published in 1985--four years after "Johnny Mnemonic," the first published in OMNI). No story from OMNI ever one a Locus award. (IIRC)
Basically, OMNI is sui generis--it was the only slick magazine to combine science fact with science fiction in an attractive format.
Ever since OMNI I've been able to attract top writers to the magazines/webzines and anthologies I edit without the high pay rate--although sometimes I'll able to pay more. You don't need a high payrate to make waves but it helps to start off with one.
[ Edited: Mar 8, 19:41 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 8, 19:50 by Nader Elhefnawy
A couple of things that I think will help the process of getting online publishing closer to where it would like to be:
* Better economic times generally. It's likely to mean more wriggle room for every approach. It may also make it more likely that those viable models will pop up, simply because a substantial body of (admittedly, controversial) economic analysis holds that new ideas sit on the shelf when times are bad, and become a lot more commonplace when the investment climate's more attractive. (Of course, opinion on the odds and degree of such a development's contentious.)
* Favorable technological developments that make online stuff simply (physically) easier to read for lengthy periods, like more widely available, convenient smart paper (this could be pretty near); and maybe the kind of print-on-demand tech we were talking about ten years ago (but which even Gardner Dozois, who was enthusiastic about the possibility, no longer expects to be imminent, though it would be really handy). (In fact, I'm kind of surprised to have not heard more about this inside this discussion.)
[ Edited: Mar 10, 13:59 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 8, 22:06 by Sean Wallace
Other than that, print-on-demand is just fine, and I've been using it for years, now. But an audience to buy monthly compilations, compared to an audience who will buy a best-of, is simply not there, currently, and it isn't worth setting up as a revenue stream.
Creating brand awareness, and leveraging that to sell product seems like one possible way forward.
[ Edited: Mar 8, 22:08 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 8, 22:15 by Sean Wallace
Some have been around since 2000, and even in one case, earlier than that (Chizine). So, what is the problem here? Markets are proliferating, paying more than print, and are reaching quite a lot more readers than they ever could on a newstand . . . I'm not quite sure why anyone would be grim over this.
It's a Golden Age, so far as I'm concerned :p
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Mar 8, 23:10 by Lois Tilton
But your own examples would seem to agree with me that online markets seem to be on the ascendant and print zines in decline.
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Mar 8, 23:27 by Sean Wallace
From the perspective of authors, and readers, however, this is a great time, for online markets, though for publishers trying to figure out a business model that works, it's a challenging time :p
[ Edited: Mar 8, 23:27 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 8, 23:49 by Lois Tilton
Internet zines don't have a lot of those costs. But most ezines don't seem to have 18,000 regular subscribers, either.
Strange Horizons is one of the longest-running and most successful ezines. They say that their annual budget is $18,000, of which 1/3 comes from their annual fund drive, if I understand their statement correctly - $6000. The 18,000 subscribers to Asimov's pay $33.
It's an operation on an entirely different scale.
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Mar 9, 00:20 by Sean Wallace
It's really an academic discussion, with regards to business models, in any case, revelant perhaps only to the publishers. Readers and authors don't care about them, I'd imagine. So I'm not too sure what place they have in this, beyond wondering what works, or what doesn't work, but the thing is there's not one successful method, there's many, and it's probably going to continue being diverse.
The problem (and solution) perhaps occurred a long time ago to advertisers, if the "eyes" are going online, then perhaps they should follow . . .
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Mar 9, 00:29 by Bluejack
Fund raisers (PBS) are effective in some markets for one or two channels.
Television is suffering some of the same blows that the combination of traditional and internet publishing are: declining ad revenues, and diminished viewership due to increased competition.
But surely, increased competition is a some kind of sign of health!?
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Mar 9, 02:19 by Lois Tilton
Online venues have competitive advantages in terms of costs, but how many are profitable - after paying all expenses including fulltime salaries of editorial staff?
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Mar 9, 02:48 by Sean Wallace
I should point out that many online websites don't pay anyone full-time salaries, and a lot of them treat the cost of the website as a marketing expense. (Profit doesn't play into this at all, though break-even is nice.) Fiction has, in some cases, become a component of a marketing tool, to sell books or merchandise. I don't think the traditional business model, of using fiction to drive subscription revenue, or advertising revenue, and the like, is currently sustainable, online, at least for short fiction. The problem is that too many businesses are striving to do that, and failing to understand the internet.
Publishers have to look at other ways to leverage the value of their content, whether it's nonfiction or fiction. Or, in some cases, they don't have to, like Strange Horizons, making a very good argument that the community needs them, via donations; or Chizine, which acts as advertising for Dorchester Publishing. (Which comes back to a marketing expense . . . why pay thousands of dollars for print advertising when you can finance a short fiction website where your demographic visits?)
This has all been clarified, I think, by Jeremy Tolbert, from last year in which he identified four or five different business models, and used examples. (Does anyone have a quick link to this?) A business model does not, however, have to have a profit-center to justify it being a business model, of course. It depends on its goals.
There's nothing doom-and-gloomy to argue about, in any case. The market is changing, let's hold on tight, and enjoy the ride.
[ Edited: Mar 9, 02:53 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 9, 03:21 by Lois Tilton
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Mar 9, 04:01 by Bluejack
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Mar 9, 04:17 by Sean Wallace
and this one from Scalzi, of interest: The Big Three
If I find the one that analyzed all the business models, in great detail, I'll post the link.
[ Edited: Mar 9, 04:20 ] [ Reply ]
Mar 9, 04:40 by Daniel Powell
She wrote an article that I feel is nothing but sensible. In this trough of economic prosperity (man, I had a good talk with my old man today about the last major DOW dip in the '70s), I still see a lot of tenacity on the part of some enduring publications in the spec. fic. field.
Richard Chizmar recently wrote a great note on his renewed passion for publishing spec. fic. over at Cemetery Dance. I look forward to seeing what Shock Totem is capable of, and I recently took out a subscription to Doorways. I read the hell out of Apex, Abyss & Apex, Chi-Zine and Strange Horizons.
I think the market needs expansion--of course it can grow--but I also think that we're (we, being the short spec.-fic. community) doing fine, all things considered.
Word to Kristine on this one, and that's my post and link to it.
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Mar 9, 04:41 by Jeremy Tolbert
(I hope i got the code right there. This comment form needs a preview button.)
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Mar 9, 04:47 by Jeremy Tolbert
Escape Pod pays for itself with the donation model and some sponsorships, by the way.
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Mar 9, 05:04 by Daniel Powell
I subscribe to One Story. They send me a single story in a colored magazine every two or three weeks. I seriously keep one in the car in case I find myself in an emergency traffic jam or I have to get my oil changed. It's a quick attention diversion.
Anyway, I was finished one at the Jiffy Lube on Baymeadows Road. It was an ok story. There was a guy across the lobby who was bored, so I gave it to him. His face lit up and he tore into that story.
When I left, he was still into it. Now, I'm giving up my subscription to that magazine. It's only about a 50% hit rate on decent stories. Ones that I enjoy.
Still, I like what they're trying to do, and I think it's a great model. I'm trading that subscription for a year of Doorways Magazine.
But I think the discussion should be about how the reading community can get content.
JeremyT's post is proof positive that it can be done.
Readers, by the way, need to be a sizable chunk when it comes to submitters. The same people that write in the genres need to purchase in the genres. Take your first sale, and spend it on a year's subscription.
You can't have it both ways, regardless of how sparkling you think your prose sounds.
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Mar 9, 13:15 by Jason Ridler
http://www.darkscribemagazine.com/feature-interviews/maestro-of-shadows-jeanne-cavelos-and-the-rise-and-fall-of-t.html
JSR
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Mar 9, 14:01 by Lois Tilton
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Mar 9, 16:48 by Sean Wallace
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Mar 9, 19:29 by Jason Ridler
Not according to Jeanne. It was in its wake, when Dell was dumping horror writers and about to give them all the flush.
JSR
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Mar 9, 20:40 by Lois Tilton
But as I recall, authors were still selling to other houses for another couple of years, although the numbers were already going down. My 2nd horror novel came out in 1993, and I've always dated the bust to that year, or maybe 1994. If I still had my records from the HWA Hardship Committee, I would be more sure of the dates.
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Mar 10, 01:44 by Ellen Datlow
>>>My recollection is that Abyss began in 1990, near the end of the horror boom, not after it.
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Mar 10, 16:59 by Abby Goldsmith
I'll add this: Personally, I see fiction readers as a growing market (or at least a stable market), but short story readership is dwindling. I'm not trying to be negative, but I'm expressing my honest belief. As Jetse said, there are ways to reel in more readers--offer free content, more dynamic presentation, visuals, etc., in the burgeoning medium of the internet. The readership is still out there. If you love short stories, seek and you shall find.
What's eating the short story market? In my opinion, it's more than the sum of distribution woes, economic woes, and the internet stealing our free time (although those factors play a part). I haven't performed an official survey, but I know at least 100 SFF readers, and they almost universally prefer buying novels over short story collections or magazines. If they're going to pay for fiction, they want a story that involves them for more than an hour. We have a lot of other things vying for our attention.
Does it make economic sense? Maybe not. As Kristine Kathryn Rusch said, you get more bang for your buck with a magazine subscription. But what about personal satisfaction? You might pay $20 for a DVD of your favorite movie, or you could pay $20 for a year's subscription of short indie films. Which would most people choose?
I see many short story lovers as an older generation, hailing from the heyday of Ray Bradbury and Isaac Asimov. This is not to say that ALL short story readers are from that generation. But the typical SFF "geek" under the age of 40 spends more time on the internet and a lot less time with print newspapers and magazine. I believe this is simply a fact.
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Mar 13, 19:48 by Kristine Kathryn Rusch
"For the first time in the history of the survey - conducted five
times since 1982 - the overall rate at which adults read literature
(novels and short stories, plays, or poems) rose by seven percent."
"Young adults show the most rapid increases in literary reading. Since 2002, 18-24 year olds have seen the biggest increase (nine percent) in
literary reading, and the most rapid rate of increase (21 percent)."
Notice they define literary reading differently than sf people would. It just means they're reading fiction, plays and poetry.
Here's the entire report:
http://www.nea.gov/news/news09/ReadingonRise.html
Kris
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Mar 13, 19:49 by Kristine Kathryn Rusch
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Mar 15, 12:09 by Patrick Nielsen Hayden
On the other hand, I'm paying 25 cents a word for short fiction for Tor.com.
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Mar 15, 14:56 by Lois Tilton
How would you describe the business model for the site? Does the e-fiction pay for itself, or is it considered as online advertising for the printed books from Tor?
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Mar 18, 16:11 by Jason Ridler
JSR
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Mar 23, 01:44 by Sean Wallace
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Mar 28, 21:04 by Dotar Sojat
Am I the only one who doesn't buy this whole "If its on the internet, it's free" argument?
It's only free if you're getting both your computer and your internet access for free-- which the vast majority of people are not doing. Otherwise, it costs. Maybe $100-$300 a year for the access, and then say $700 for a computer averaged out over four or five years. Way to spend $350 a year to read $65 of free stories!
Like what's-his-name said, we're competing for Joe Average's beer money, and now 'cause Joe is dropping so much cash on computers and interent he doesn't have the money to buy books/magazines to begin with.
As a complete side-note on the internet payment/micropaymen model. Back in the late 90s when the internet was going to be All That, I (mistakenly) assumed that banks would offer little $20-$50 credit cards that people could use for their minor internet transactions. There were a lot of security concerns at the time, and I for one didn't feel like risking my $30K* credit limit on a $5 donation to my favorite online whatsi-hootsis. Although security concerns have been somewhat assuaged over time, they are still present in a lot of people's minds. And again, there seems to be a double-worry that places that take small transactions are going to skimp on the security.
* I have no idea how I got to $30K, but Capital One seems certain that I need that and more.
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Apr 27, 00:45 by Karen Lofstrom
Alas, some of the books I want aren't available in e, or from the library. I went looking online to see if I could find some pirated versions (yes, I'm bad). In a few cases, I could -- but I would have had to download from sites with domain names ending in .cn or .ru. Or install some torrent client that I didn't quite trust, that installed other software that I didn't trust. Or give some paid "service" my credit card details. Uh-uh, no way, I don't want malware or credit card theft, along with my free error-filled raw OCR output pirated text.
There's the business model. If a *quality* ebook or emagazine is available at a *reasonable* price from a *trustworthy* source that makes it *easy* to buy, people will buy it.
BTW, reasonable price is Baen. Unreasonable is Harper Collins charging $21 for the latest Bujold, because they could. I paid, but I *hated* them. DO YOU HEAR THAT, FOSSILS AT HARPER COLLINS?
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Apr 27, 16:03 by 0
((except I can't get the link to format right . . . ))
[ Edited: Apr 27, 16:05 ] [ Reply ]
Jun 24, 05:24 by Bluejack
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